In this blog, we’ll discuss the way to perform the various Database Modification Functionalities in Salesforce. There are two says with which we will perform the functionalities.

DML Statements

DML are the actions which are performed so as to perform insert, update, delete, upsert, restoring records, merging records, or converting leads operation.
DML is one among the foremost important part in Apex as almost every business case involves the changes and modifications to database.

Database Methods

All operations which you’ll perform using DML statements are often performed using Database methods also. Database methods are the system methods which you’ll use to perform DML operations. Database methods provide more flexibility as compared to DML Statements.
In this blog, we’ll be watching the primary approach using DML Statements. we’ll check out the Database Methods during a subsequent chapter.

DML Statements

Let us now consider the instance of the Chemical supplier company again. Our Invoice records have fields as Status, Amount Paid, Amount Remaining, Next Pay Date and Invoice Number. Invoices which are created today and have their status as ‘Pending’, should be updated to ‘Paid’.

Insert Operation

Insert operation is employed to make new records in Database. you’ll create records of any Standard or Custom object using the Insert DML statement.
Example
We can create new records in APEX_Invoice__c object as new invoices are being generated for brand spanking new customer orders a day . we’ll create a Customer record first then we will create an Invoice record for that new Customer record.

// fetch the invoices created today, Note, you want to have a minimum of one invoice 
// created today

List invoiceList = [SELECT id, Name, APEX_Status__c,
createdDate FROM APEX_Invoice__c WHERE createdDate = today];

// create List to carry the updated invoice records
List updatedInvoiceList = new List();
APEX_Customer__c objCust = new APEX_Customer__C();
objCust.Name = 'Test ABC';

//DML for Inserting the new Customer Records
insert objCust;
for (APEX_Invoice__c objInvoice: invoiceList) {
if (objInvoice.APEX_Status__c == 'Pending') {
objInvoice.APEX_Status__c = 'Paid';
updatedInvoiceList.add(objInvoice);
}
}

// DML Statement to update the invoice status
update updatedInvoiceList;

// Prints the worth of updated invoices
System.debug('List has been updated and updated values are' + updatedInvoiceList);

// Inserting the New Records using insert DML statement
APEX_Invoice__c objNewInvoice = new APEX_Invoice__c();
objNewInvoice.APEX_Status__c = 'Pending';
objNewInvoice.APEX_Amount_Paid__c = 1000;
objNewInvoice.APEX_Customer__c = objCust.id;

// DML which is creating the new Invoice record which can be linked with newly
// created Customer record
insert objNewInvoice;
System.debug('New Invoice Id is '+objNewInvoice.id+' and therefore the Invoice Number is'
+ objNewInvoice.Name);

Update Operation

Update operation is to perform updates on existing records. during this example, we’ll be updating the Status field of an existing Invoice record to ‘Paid’.
Example

// Update Statement Example for updating the invoice status. you've got to make 
and Invoice records before executing this code. This program is updating the
record which is at index 0th position of the List.

// First, fetch the invoice created today
List invoiceList = [SELECT id, Name, APEX_Status__c,
createdDate FROM APEX_Invoice__c];
List updatedInvoiceList = new List();

// Update the primary record within the List
invoiceList[0].APEX_Status__c = 'Pending';
updatedInvoiceList.add(invoiceList[0]);

// DML Statement to update the invoice status
update updatedInvoiceList;

// Prints the worth of updated invoices
System.debug('List has been updated and updated values of records are' 
+ updatedInvoiceList[0]);

Upsert Operation

Upsert Operation is employed to perform an update operation and if the records to be updated aren’t present in database, then create new records also .
Example
Suppose, the customer records in Customer object got to be updated. we’ll update the prevailing Customer record if it’s already present, else create a replacement one. this may be supported the worth of field APEX_External_Id__c. This field are going to be our field to spot if the records are already present or not.
Note − Before executing this code, please create a record in Customer object with the external Id field value as ‘12341’ then execute the code given below −

// Example for upserting the Customer records
List CustomerList = new List();
for (Integer i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
apex_customer__c objcust=new apex_customer__c(name = 'Test' +i,
apex_external_id__c='1234' +i);
customerlist.add(objcust);
} //Upserting the Customer Records

upsert CustomerList;

System.debug('Code iterated for 10 times and created 9 records together record with 
External Id 12341 is already present');

for (APEX_Customer_c objCustomer: CustomerList) {
if (objCustomer.APEX_External_Id_c == '12341') {
system.debug('The Record which is already present is '+objCustomer);
}
}

Delete Operation

You can perform the delete operation using the Delete DML.
Example
In this case, we’ll delete the invoices which are created for the testing purpose, that’s those which contain the name as ‘Test’.
You can execute this snippet from the Developer console also without creating the category .

// fetch the invoice created today
List invoiceList = [SELECT id, Name, APEX_Status__c,
createdDate FROM APEX_Invoice__c WHERE createdDate = today];
List updatedInvoiceList = new List();
APEX_Customer__c objCust = new APEX_Customer__C();
objCust.Name = 'Test';

// Inserting the Customer Records
insert objCust;
for (APEX_Invoice__c objInvoice: invoiceList) {
if (objInvoice.APEX_Status__c == 'Pending') {
objInvoice.APEX_Status__c = 'Paid';
updatedInvoiceList.add(objInvoice);
}
}

// DML Statement to update the invoice status
update updatedInvoiceList;

// Prints the worth of updated invoices
System.debug('List has been updated and updated values are' + updatedInvoiceList);

// Inserting the New Records using insert DML statement
APEX_Invoice__c objNewInvoice = new APEX_Invoice__c();
objNewInvoice.APEX_Status__c = 'Pending';
objNewInvoice.APEX_Amount_Paid__c = 1000;
objNewInvoice.APEX_Customer__c = objCust.id;

// DML which is creating the new record
insert objNewInvoice;
System.debug('New Invoice Id is' + objNewInvoice.id);

// Deleting the Test invoices from Database
// fetch the invoices which are created for Testing, Select name which Customer Name
// is Test.
List invoiceListToDelete = [SELECT id FROM APEX_Invoice__c
WHERE APEX_Customer__r.Name = 'Test'];

// DML Statement to delete the Invoices
delete invoiceListToDelete;
System.debug('Success, '+invoiceListToDelete.size()+' Records has been deleted');

Undelete Operation

You can undelete the record which has been deleted and is present in Recycle bin. All the relationships which the deleted record has, also will be restored.
Example
Suppose, the Records deleted within the previous example got to be restored. this will be achieved using the subsequent example. The code within the previous example has been modified for this instance .

// fetch the invoice created today
List invoiceList = [SELECT id, Name, APEX_Status__c,
createdDate FROM APEX_Invoice__c WHERE createdDate = today];
List updatedInvoiceList = new List();
APEX_Customer__c objCust = new APEX_Customer__C();
objCust.Name = 'Test';

// Inserting the Customer Records
insert objCust;
for (APEX_Invoice__c objInvoice: invoiceList) {
if (objInvoice.APEX_Status__c == 'Pending') {
objInvoice.APEX_Status__c = 'Paid';
updatedInvoiceList.add(objInvoice);
}
}

// DML Statement to update the invoice status
update updatedInvoiceList;

// Prints the worth of updated invoices
System.debug('List has been updated and updated values are' + updatedInvoiceList);

// Inserting the New Records using insert DML statement
APEX_Invoice__c objNewInvoice = new APEX_Invoice__c();
objNewInvoice.APEX_Status__c = 'Pending';
objNewInvoice.APEX_Amount_Paid__c = 1000;
objNewInvoice.APEX_Customer__c = objCust.id;

// DML which is creating the new record
insert objNewInvoice;
System.debug('New Invoice Id is '+objNewInvoice.id);

// Deleting the Test invoices from Database
// fetch the invoices which are created for Testing, Select name which Customer Name
// is Test.
List invoiceListToDelete = [SELECT id FROM APEX_Invoice__c
WHERE APEX_Customer__r.Name = 'Test'];

// DML Statement to delete the Invoices
delete invoiceListToDelete;
system.debug('Deleted Record Count is ' + invoiceListToDelete.size());
System.debug('Success, '+invoiceListToDelete.size() + 'Records has been deleted');

// Restore the deleted records using undelete statement
undelete invoiceListToDelete;
System.debug('Undeleted Record count is '+invoiceListToDelete.size()+'. this could 
be same as Deleted Record count');

So, this brings us to the end of blog. This Tecklearn ‘How to perform the different Database modification Functionalities in Salesforce’ blog helps you with commonly asked questions if you are looking out for a job in Salesforce. If you wish to learn Salesforce and build a career in Salesforce domain, then check out our interactive, Salesforce Certification Training: Admin 201 and App Builder, that comes with 24*7 support to guide you throughout your learning period. Please find the link for course details:

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